{"id":20066,"date":"2013-10-03T13:28:55","date_gmt":"2013-10-03T11:28:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ocasapiens-dweb.blogautore.repubblica.it\/?p=20066"},"modified":"2021-09-26T20:46:57","modified_gmt":"2021-09-26T18:46:57","slug":"meno-mitologia-please-os-digest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/2013\/10\/03\/meno-mitologia-please-os-digest\/","title":{"rendered":"Meno mitologia, please &#8211; O&#039;s digest"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/www.edwardtufte.com\/bboard\/images\/0002Je-2708.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Su <em>Nature<\/em>, H\u00e9lo\u00efse D. Dufour e Sean B. Carroll <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/doifinder\/10.1038\/502032a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>demoliscono<\/strong><\/a> alcuni miti &#8211; John Snow che salva i londinesi dal colera svitando il rubinetto della pompa dell&#8217;acqua infetta; Fleming che inventa da solo la penicillina, Joseph Meister che si suicida sulla tomba di Pasteur che l&#8217;aveva vaccinato da bambino contro la rabbia, disperato all&#8217;idea che sar\u00e0 dissacrata dai tedeschi:<\/p>\n<p><em>Scientific myths are harmful. They distort the history and the process of science<a title=\"Waller, J. Fabulous Science: Fact and Fiction in the History of Scientific Discovery (Oxford Univ. Press, 2004).\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/history-great-myths-die-hard-1.13839#b1\">1<\/a> by portraying researchers as extraordinary people making epic advances in a fast, linear fashion. &#8230; For example, the Fleming myth ignores the vast time, effort and extra data that are required to make a medically viable drug. And by crediting luminaries with fictional achievements, we create superheroes that no student can hope to match.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ogni paese ha i propri, qui c&#8217;\u00e8 il mito della radio uscita (oltre al &#8220;raggio della morte&#8221;) dalla mente di Marconi come Minerva dalla fronte di Giove.<\/p>\n<p>Guarda caso, la recensione di <em>David and Goliath: Underdogs, Misfits and the Art of Battling Giants<\/em>, il libro sul potere di Malcolm Gladwell, si intitola <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/nature\/journal\/v502\/n7469\/full\/502034a.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Psychology: Improbable heroes<\/strong><\/a>. Magari diventa un best-seller come\u00a0<em>Blink <\/em>(un&#8217;intuizione sull&#8217;intuito, stiracchiata per troppi capitoli), ma Philip Ball non \u00e8 entusiasta:<\/p>\n<p><em>His books, like those of legions of inferior imitators, present a &#8216;big idea&#8217;. But it is an idea that works only selectively, and it is hard for him or anyone else to say why. These human stories are too context-dependent to deliver a take-home message, at least beyond the advice to not always expect the obvious outcome.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Perhaps Gladwell&#8217;s approach does not lend itself to book-length exposition&#8230; What remains in this case are ten examples of Gladwell&#8217;s true forte: the long-form essay, as engaging, surprising and smooth as a New York latte.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Per non abbonati: recensione ancora <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/books\/2013\/oct\/02\/david-goliath-malcolm-gladwell-review\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>meno lusinghiera<\/strong><\/a> del <em>Guardian. <\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>*<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Prevedibile <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/doifinder\/10.1038\/502013a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>articolo<\/strong><\/a> sulla rissa politica americana e le sue conseguenze per la ricerca non solo locale.<br \/>\n&#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/dangerous-work-1.13861\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Editoriale<\/strong><\/a> di bioetica, da scaricare e meditare, a proposito delle ricerche in genetica comportamentale, i cui risultati sono fraintesi dai non specialisti, media per primi, o<strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/ethics-taboo-genetics-1.13858\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gonfiati<\/a><\/strong> dagli autori &#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/us-behavioural-research-studies-skew-positive-1.13599\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>americani in particolare<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; e a volte commentati in termini eugenetici. \u00a0Invece i ricercatori dovrebbero essere &#8220;pazienti&#8221;, &#8220;accurati&#8221;, &#8220;sensibili&#8221; al contesto sociale e prendere l&#8217;iniziativa:<\/p>\n<p><em>To provide clarity, scientists would do well to follow the example of the Social Science Genetic Association Consortium. In June, this group published a paper on genetic variants associated with educational attainment (<a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1235488\">C. A. Rietveld\u00a0et al.\u00a0Science\u00a0340,\u00a01467\u20131471; 2013<\/a>). Accompanying this was a nine-page Frequently Asked Questions document that, in plain, easy-to-understand language, addressed such questions as why the researchers did the study, what they found and what the implications of the work are \u2014 and are not (see\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/go.nature.com\/7mov2j\">go.nature.com\/7mov2j<\/a>). The document spelled out that the consortium <strong>had not found<\/strong> \u2018the gene\u2019 for educational attainment, that each genetic marker found has only <strong>a very small effec<\/strong>t on length of schooling, and that any policy response based on that single study would be premature.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/cross-the-road-1.13862\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Altri consigli<\/strong><\/a> agli scienziati su come comunicare quando la stampa &#8211; britannica in questo caso &#8211; si scandalizza perch\u00e9 uno studio sulle interazioni fra umani e polli viene finanziato con 1,9 milioni di sterline.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Chris Thomas<strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/the-anthropocene-could-raise-biological-diversity-1.13863\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">interviene<\/a><\/strong> nel dibattito in corso fra gli ecologi su combattere o meno le specie invasive. No, dice lui, ormai siamo nell&#8217;Antropocene, non si torna indietro.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Daniel Cressey <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/climate-report-puts-geoengineering-in-the-spotlight-1.13871\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>riprende<\/strong><\/a> queste frasi della sintesi del V Rapporto IPCC<\/p>\n<p><em>Methods that aim to deliberately alter the climate system to counter climate change, termed geoengineering, have been proposed. Limited evidence precludes a comprehensive quantitative assessment of both Solar Radiation Management (SRM) and Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) and their impact on the climate system.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Interventi di geoingegneria saranno necessari per mitigare le conseguenze del cambiamento climatico, scrive, ma per ora le ricerche sono poche e gli scienziati molto cauti.<br \/>\n&#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/uncertainty-on-trial-1.13868\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Aggiornamento<\/strong><\/a> sul processo di Scott Harkonen:<\/p>\n<p><em>Federal prosecutors convicted him in 2009 of wire fraud \u2014 using false communications to obtain money \u2014 for hyping the results of a clinical trial and encouraging the unapproved use of his now-former company\u2019s lung-disease drug. Eighteen months later, a judge sentenced him to six months\u2019 home confinement and a US$20,000 fine; in March this year, a federal appeals court upheld the conviction.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ha fatto ricorso alla Corte Suprema, sempre in nome della libert\u00e0 di espressione:<\/p>\n<p><em>His supporters, who include statisticians, clinical researchers and legal scholars, say that his conviction relied on a poor grasp of statistics, and sets a precedent that could criminalize speculation in grant applications and papers.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Sar\u00e0, ma Ewen Callaway ha trovato solo sostenitori che sono consulenti pagati dalla difesa. Processi simili ci sono solo negli Stati Uniti, se non sbaglio. Perch\u00e9 c&#8217;\u00e8 pi\u00f9 &#8220;mercato&#8221; &#8211; e quindi concorrenti che sorvegliano i rivali &#8211; o perch\u00e9 il conflitto di interessi \u00e8 preso pi\u00f9 sul serio?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p>Molta genomica\/genetica nei papers, a occhio piccoli progressi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.uni-muenster.de\/imperia\/md\/images\/physik_ap\/demokritov\/research\/becfornonphysicists\/magnon.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.uni-muenster.de\/Physik.AP\/Demokritov\/en\/Forschen\/Forschungsschwerpunkte\/mBECwam.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fonte<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Magnoni<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>I fisici del Max Planck a Garching ne fanno uno grande (diventa un&#8217;abitudine&#8230;):<\/p>\n<p><em>Here we use in situ correlation measurements to observe two-magnon bound states directly in a one-dimensional Heisenberg spin chain comprising ultracold bosonic atoms in an optical lattice. We observe the quantum dynamics of free and bound magnon states through time-resolved measurements of two spin impurities. &#8230; Our results provide a new way of studying fundamental properties of quantum magnets and, more generally, properties of interacting impurities in quantum many-body systems.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Mi sa che bisogner\u00e0 abituarsi alla <a href=\"http:\/\/it.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Magnonica\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>magnonica<\/strong><\/a> e ai magnoni. \u00a0Teorizzati da <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Felix_Bloch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Felix Bloch<\/strong><\/a> nei primi anni Trenta, osservati negli anni Cinquanta, misurati solo ora. Sono<strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spin_wave\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">onde di spin<\/a><\/strong> &#8211;\u00a0un po&#8217; come i fononi e gli atomi nei gas ultrafreddi (condensati di Bose-Einstein, quindi vale la statistica dei bosoni). Quando la temperatura aumenta sopra lo zero assoluto, scompigliano lo spin degli elettroni che era allineato sulla stessa direzione e cos\u00ec smagnetizzano i <a href=\"http:\/\/it.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ferromagnetismo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>ferromagneti<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">***<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Altre mitologie<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">In attesa dell&#8217;aggiornamento annunciato per luglio e\/o settembre dal collega Maurizio Melis sul<strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/matslew.files.wordpress.com\/2013\/10\/dsc_0019_600px_matslewan.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reattore a fusione fredda<\/a><\/strong> della Defkalion &#8211; rif. post di ieri &#8211; \u00e8 uscito qualcosa dal\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.e-catworld.com\/2013\/10\/defkalion-in-the-news\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">credulo Peter Gluck<\/a><\/strong>, e\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/matslew.wordpress.com\/2013\/10\/03\/update-on-defkalions-reactor-demo-in-milan\/#comments\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sul blog<\/a> <\/strong>di Mats Lewan intitolato <em>The biggest shift ever<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">La pi\u00f9 grande svolta mai avvenuta desta ulteriore scetticismo, grazie a quanto dice il protagonista della demo di luglio (<a href=\"http:\/\/new.livestream.com\/triwu2\/Defkalion-US\/videos\/25225397\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">video<\/a>). Per esempio:<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Mats<\/strong>:\u00a0A Faraday cage only shields from electric fields, not magnetic fields. Can you discuss further how the strong magnetic fields you mentioned,\u00a0reaching 1.6 Tesla,\u00a0were shielded?<\/em><br \/>\n<em><strong>Hadjichristos<\/strong>:\u00a0First of all we wish to clarify that the reported magnetic anomalies values relate to peak measurements.\u00a0Shielding of such \u201cnoise\u201d is done using mu metal materials and solenoids during tests having the declared objectives as in the protocol submitted to ICCF18. I apologize for the\u00a0technically\u00a0not correct use of the terms \u201ccage\u201d or \u201cFaraday cage\u201d as used in our internal lab jargon.<\/em><br \/>\n<em> <strong>Mats<\/strong>: Could you tell me which other external persons\/validators were supposed to come and why they\u00a0didn\u2019t\u00a0come?<\/em><br \/>\n<em><strong>Hadjichristos<\/strong>:\u00a0No.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Forse John Hadjichristos dovrebbe aggiornare il <a href=\"http:\/\/ca.linkedin.com\/pub\/john-hadjichristos\/3a\/40b\/137\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>proprio profilo<\/strong><\/a>? In\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/defkalion-energy.com\/business\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Canada<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/lenr-canr.org\/acrobat\/Defkaliondefkaliong.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Defkalion<\/a><\/strong> ha chiuso ed \u00e8 tornata ad Atene. Chiss\u00e0 come vanno gli affari.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Nella &#8220;ricca Svezia&#8221; sono fermi. La Hydrofusion sta tuttora<strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/hydrofusion.com\/news\/wanted-pilot-customer-for-ecat-1-mw-plant\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cercando<\/a><\/strong> un cliente disposto a provare un E-cat da 1MW, pagando solo l&#8217;energia termica prodotta. Mi chiedo<strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.prometeon.it\/contatti.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">quanti<\/a> <\/strong>ne abbia trovato la <a href=\"http:\/\/www.prometeon.it\/prodotti.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Prometeon<\/strong><\/a> in Italia &#8211; e se l&#8217;E-cat da 1 MW salpato da Ferrara<a href=\"http:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/markgibbs\/2013\/05\/20\/finally-independent-testing-of-rossis-e-cat-cold-fusion-device-maybe-the-world-will-change-after-all\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <strong>in maggio<\/strong><\/a> e destinato al &#8220;cliente segreto&#8221; in USA non sia finito nel triangolo delle Bermude.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Nel frattempo, la cella Celani continua a non funzionare, la MagneGas a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.google.com\/finance?cid=729891\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>esser fiorente<\/strong><\/a> nonostante il &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.marketwatch.com\/story\/magnegas-holds-world-summit-with-key-partners-2013-08-12\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>summit mondiale<\/strong><\/a>&#8221; di agosto, e le utilities di Benevento a tacere sull&#8217;efficienza del reattore adronico che avevano <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ntr24.tv\/it\/tags\/magnegas.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">comprato<\/a> <\/strong>dalla fiorente\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ilquaderno.it\/parla-nuova-magnegas-ecco-chi-siamo-cosa-facciamo-nostri-risultati-e-riserva-vie-legali-58898.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nuova Magnegas Italia<\/a> nella speranza che producesse energia dai rifiuti.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Tanto silenzio sulle nuove energie che salveranno il mondo \u00e8 la pi\u00f9 grande svolta mai avvenuta dal gennaio 2011.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-asia-24377520\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Altra perdita<\/strong><\/a> in mare a Fukushima-Daiichi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">L&#8217;IPSO-UCN ha pubblicato il rapporto<a href=\"http:\/\/www.stateoftheocean.org\/research.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <strong>Stato degli Oceani<\/strong><\/a> 2013. Sintesi: non sono mai cos\u00ec acidi negli ultimi 300.000 anni.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Volevo confrontare dei dati con quelli della NOAA ma&#8230;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal; text-align: -webkit-center; background-color: #f9a33e;\"><span style=\"color: black;\">Due to the Federal government shutdown,<br \/>\nNOAA.gov and most associated web sites<br \/>\nare unavailable.<br \/>\nOnly web sites necessary to protect lives<br \/>\nand property will be maintained.<br \/>\nSee\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.weather.gov\/\">Weather.gov<\/a> for critical weather<br \/>\ninformation or contact\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.usa.gov\/\">USA.gov<\/a> for more<br \/>\ninformation about the shutdown.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/h2>\n<div style=\"width: 650px; text-align: center; margin: 30px 0px; color: #808080; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal;\">\n<p style=\"width: 600px; margin: 10px 25px;\">\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Su Nature, H\u00e9lo\u00efse D. Dufour e Sean B. Carroll demoliscono alcuni miti &#8211; John Snow che salva i londinesi dal colera svitando il rubinetto della pompa dell&#8217;acqua infetta; Fleming che inventa da solo la penicillina, Joseph Meister che si suicida sulla tomba di Pasteur che l&#8217;aveva vaccinato da bambino contro la rabbia, disperato all&#8217;idea che&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/2013\/10\/03\/meno-mitologia-please-os-digest\/\">Continua a leggere <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Meno mitologia, please &#8211; O&#039;s digest<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,10,17,20],"tags":[139,775,870,1561,1868,2120,2852,2858,3370,4124,4304,4317,4725,5579,6583],"class_list":["post-20066","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bufala","category-clima","category-genetica","category-medicina","tag-acidificazione-oceani","tag-bec","tag-bioetica","tag-conflitto-di-interessi","tag-defkalion","tag-ecologia","tag-fusione-fredda","tag-fuskushima-daiichi","tag-hydrofusion","tag-magnoni","tag-mats-lewan","tag-maurizio-melis","tag-nature","tag-prometeon","tag-storia-della-scienza","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20066","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20066"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20066\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41824,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20066\/revisions\/41824"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20066"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20066"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20066"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}