{"id":20195,"date":"2013-10-09T23:35:19","date_gmt":"2013-10-09T21:35:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ocasapiens-dweb.blogautore.repubblica.it\/?p=20195"},"modified":"2021-09-26T21:11:18","modified_gmt":"2021-09-26T19:11:18","slug":"buone-idee","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/2013\/10\/09\/buone-idee\/","title":{"rendered":"Buone idee"},"content":{"rendered":"

Il Gruppo Nature lancia<\/strong><\/a> una nuova rivista in open access, diversa da tutte le altre.<\/p>\n

Motivo<\/strong>
\nEveryone wants better ways to make research data available and to give more credit to the researchers who create and share data. But for a data set to be widely reusable, scientists need to know how the data were produced and what quality-control experiments were performed. They need access to detailed descriptions of the data outputs, file formats, sample identifiers and replication structure<\/strong>. This is hard work that is often poorly rewarded. As a result, potentially valuable data sets go unpublished, or are not fully released to the public or not described in sufficient detail to permit reuse. <\/em> (grassetto mio)<\/p>\n

Quindi<\/strong>
\nTo address this need, Nature Publishing Group will next spring launch\u00a0Scientific Data<\/strong><\/a>, an open-access, online-only journal for detailed descriptions of data sets (http:\/\/nature.com\/scientificdata<\/strong><\/a>). This week,\u00a0Scientific Data\u00a0announced its first call for submissions (see\u00a0go.nature.com\/1gnd1j<\/strong><\/a>). The doors are now open for scientists to submit \u2018Data Descriptor\u2019 manuscripts \u2014 a new article type that is designed to describe scientifically valuable data sets in a way that will promote data sharing and reuse.<\/em><\/p>\n

Il servizio reso alla collettivit\u00e0 viene riconosciuto<\/strong>
\nData Descriptor articles are fully fledged, peer-reviewed scientific publications, and will be listed in major indexing services, thereby giving authors the credit they deserve for sharing their data and making it usable by others. <\/em>
\nNiente copyright<\/strong>
\n All Data Descriptors will be released under a Creative Commons licence that allows researchers to reuse, re\u00addistribute and remix the articles\u2019 content.<\/em><\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

– Nature<\/em> si allea<\/a> <\/strong>con PLOS Medicine<\/em> contro le Big Pharma e i ricercatori che pubblicano solo i risultati positivi dei trial clinici, rif. la ricerca uscita ieri di Beate Wieseler et al.<\/strong><\/a> sugli studi clinici inediti (CSRs) ottenuti dall’Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

According to the analysis, crucial trial information, such as mortality rates and serious side effects, is missing from much published data. But it can frequently be found in standard non-public documents prepared by industry, known as clinical study reports (CSRs). Missing information uncovered by the study includes details of depression symptoms in trials for antidepressant drugs, and details of heart attacks and strokes in diabetes-drug trials.<\/em><\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

Con le simulazioni di 39 modelli (CMIP5) e le anomalie annue di temperature terrestri e marine del 1860-2004 come base, Camilo Mora et al.<\/a><\/strong> hanno costruito un indice per calcolare – per una data zona di 100 x 1000 km – quando il clima superer\u00e0 i limiti della variabilit\u00e0 storica in funzione dei vari scenari per le emissioni di gas serra (Representative Concentration Pathways) dal 2006 al 2100.<\/p>\n

Risultati:
\nglobal mean of 2069 (\u00b118 years s.d.) for near-surface air temperature under an emissions stabilization scenario and 2047 (\u00b114 years s.d.) under a \u2018business-as-usual\u2019 scenario.<\/em><\/p>\n

Il margine di errore \u00e8 ancora notevole, ma \u00e8 un primo tentativo, e i tempi per gli oceani sono pi\u00f9 lunghi, 60 anni nel caso di stabilizzazione della CO2 atmosferica ed equivalenti, e 40 nel business as usual.<\/p>\n

Nella seconda parte, gli autori cercano di calcolare gli effetti sulla biodiversit\u00e0 – concentrata fra i Tropici dove storicamente il clima \u00e8 stato pi\u00f9 stabile – e le popolazioni pi\u00f9 povere:<\/p>\n

The fact that the earliest climate departures occur in low-income countries \u00a0further highlights an obvious disparity between those who benefit economically from the processes leading to climate change and those who will have to pay for most of the environmental and social costs. (…) Our results on the projected timing of climate departure from recent variability shed light on the urgency of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions if widespread changes in global biodiversity and human societies are to be prevented.<\/em><\/p>\n

Avvertono che i dati del periodo 1860-2005 non rappresentano tutta la variabilit\u00e0 del clima (prima i dati annui non ci sono) e che mancano del tutto sulla capacit\u00e0 di adattamento di molte specie – nei Tropici, i coralli sono una delle eccezioni – e ancora di pi\u00f9 su quella delle economie del terzo mondo.<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

C’\u00e8 anche uno speciale sulla tubercolosi che leggo con calma, e un sensazionale esperimento<\/a> – <\/strong>gratis su arXiv<\/a> – <\/strong>di Kater Murch<\/strong><\/a> e del gruppo di Irfan Siddiqi a Berkeley<\/strong><\/a> (abituati ai\u00a0giochi di prestigio<\/strong><\/a>!). Guardano la funzione d’onda collassare in un “transmone” tridmensionale, un qbit – in realt\u00e0 un pezzo nanometrico di materiale superconduttore fatto di alluminio spalmato sottile sui due lati di una fettina di silicio – dentro un specie di fornellino a micro-onde – la scatoletta quadrata con le prese A, C e B,\u00a0tenuto in freezer.
\nPi\u00f9 che guardarla, la misurano – con statistiche, proiezioni ecc. – mentre collassa e de-collassa, dai cambiamenti nei fotoni entangled delle micro-onde che entrano ed escono dal fornellino.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Il Gruppo Nature lancia una nuova rivista in open access, diversa da tutte le altre. Motivo Everyone wants better ways to make research data available and to give more credit to the researchers who create and share data. But for a data set to be widely reusable, scientists need to know how the data were… Continua a leggere Buone idee<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,16],"tags":[819,1809,3619,4546,4563,4725,5639,6899],"class_list":["post-20195","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-clima","category-fisica","tag-big-pharma","tag-data-descriptors","tag-irfan-siddiqi","tag-misure-quantistiche","tag-modelli","tag-nature","tag-qbit","tag-transmone","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20195","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20195"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20195\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41837,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20195\/revisions\/41837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20195"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20195"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20195"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}