{"id":26691,"date":"2014-12-05T13:15:54","date_gmt":"2014-12-05T12:15:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ocasapiens-dweb.blogautore.repubblica.it\/?p=26691"},"modified":"2021-10-10T21:20:06","modified_gmt":"2021-10-10T19:20:06","slug":"il-signore-degli-anelloni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/2014\/12\/05\/il-signore-degli-anelloni\/","title":{"rendered":"Il signore degli anelloni"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Su <a href=\"http:\/\/blog.physicsworld.com\/2014\/12\/01\/physicists-create-anelloni-a-new-kind-of-pasta\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Physics Today<\/em><\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/homepages.warwick.ac.uk\/~phscz\/research\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Davide Michieletto e Matthew Turner<\/a> spiegano come simulare molecole di polimeri circolari <a href=\"http:\/\/homepages.warwick.ac.uk\/~phscz\/research\/publications\/self_threading.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tendenti ad auto-intrecciarsi<\/a> che potrebbero avere una transizione di fase e formare uno stato inedito del materiale detto &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/0295-5075\/102\/5\/58005\/article\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">vetro topologic<\/a>o&#8221;. Ricetta:<\/p>\n<p><em>The two researchers created the large loops of pasta using just two eggs and 200 g of plain flour. When cooked and thrown together in a bowl, the pasta rings get hugely tangled up, in much the same way that real ring-shaped polymers become massively intertwined with each other.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>While the new kind of pasta is just a bit of fun, Michieletto and Turner\u2019s real work involves carrying out computer simulations of ring-shaped polymers. These studies have shown that if the molecules are long enough, they are likely to get so tangled up that they would appear frozen in place. If this were true in real life \u2013 and there is some evidence to suggest that it is \u2013 then they believe they would have discovered a new state of matter, which the pair dub a \u201ctopological glass\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www2.warwick.ac.uk\/newsandevents\/pressreleases\/can_pasta_explain\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Davide M.<\/a>\u00a0passa alla degustazione:<br \/>\n<em>\u201c[W]hen it comes to eating pasta, the Italians were right all along \u2013 you\u2019re better off sticking to spaghetti, which you can eat nice and quickly. Make yourself a bowl of anelloni and it\u2019s likely to have gone cold by the time you\u2019ve pulled all the rings apart and struggled your way to the messy end\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p>Altro signore di un anellone. Per <a href=\"https:\/\/ideas.lego.com\/projects\/86253\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lego Ideas<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/jkbrickworks.com\/particle-accelerator-instructions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jason K Brickworks<\/a> costruisce un LHC uguale a quello fatto dal CERN l&#8217;anno scorso con i mattoni del Lego, per\u00f2 che funziona per davvero e potrebbe catturare &#8220;il bosone di (F)iggs&#8221;:<\/p>\n<p><em>The simplest way to power the\u00a0accelerator is to use a Power\u00a0Functions M-Motor and one of the Power Functions battery boxes (AAA or AA). \u00a0Note that with either of these battery boxes alone the accelerator will only run at full speed.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cieffeerre.it\/Eventi\/eventi-in-programmazione-nel-2014\/planck-2014-the-microwave-sky-in-temperature-and-polarization\/PLANCK-2014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alla conferenza di Ferrara<\/a>, \u00e8 stata presentata una rianalisi dei dati del satellite Planck e una mappa ancora pi\u00f9 precisa dell&#8217;universo quando aveva 380.000 anni. In sintesi, conterrebbe un 26% di materia oscura e le specie di neutrini sarebbero tre, non quattro come qualcuno ipotizzava.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Dopo Elsevier e Springer, anche Nature Publishing Group socchiude l&#8217;access. <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/nature-promotes-read-only-sharing-by-subscribers-1.16460\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Scrive <\/a><\/strong>Richard Van Noorden:<\/p>\n<p><em>All research papers from\u00a0Nature\u00a0will be made free to read in a proprietary screen-view format that can be annotated but not copied, printed or downloaded, the journal\u2019s publisher Macmillan\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/press_releases\/share-nature-content.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced<\/a> on 2 December.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>The content-sharing policy, which also applies to 48 other journals in Macmillan\u2019s Nature Publishing Group (NPG) division, including\u00a0Nature Genetics,\u00a0Nature Medicine\u00a0and\u00a0Nature Physics, marks an attempt to let scientists freely read and share articles while preserving NPG\u2019s primary source of income \u2014 the subscription fees libraries and individuals pay to gain access to articles.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.readcube.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ReadCube<\/a>, a software platform similar to Apple\u2019s iTunes, will be used to host and display read-only versions of the articles&#8217; PDFs. If the initiative becomes popular, it may also boost the prospects of the ReadCube platform, in which Macmillan has a majority investment.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>For institutional subscribers, that means every paper dating back to the journal&#8217;s foundation in 1869, while personal subscribers get access from 1997 on.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Il rodaggio dovrebbe durare un anno.\u00a0L&#8217;idea \u00e8 di trasformare il &#8220;dark sharing&#8221;, i pdf che gli abbonati mandavano ai non abbonati violando il copyright di editore e autori, in un sharing legittimo (non viene preso in considerazione quello degli autori con le Ong, forse perch\u00e9 \u00e8 &#8220;chiaro&#8221;).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Sono considerati abbonati istituzionali anche per un centinaio di media: radio e tiv\u00f9 pubbliche, <em>Guardian, NY Times, Economist<\/em> ecc.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">***<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Altro che<a href=\"http:\/\/www.journal-of-nuclear-physics.com\/?p=861&amp;cpage=11#comment-1031523\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0l&#8217;e-cat<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">In copertina di <em>Science\u00a0<\/em>e in un paper di <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/346\/6214\/1231.abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kenneth Catania<\/a>, &#8220;l&#8217;anguilla&#8221;\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/it.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Electrophorus_electricus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em><em>Electrophorus electricus <\/em><\/em><\/a>che usa i propri muscoli come batterie per generare fino a 600 volt, di che &#8220;abbattere un cavallo&#8221;, \u00a0e scaricarli nei neuroni motori delle prede per immobilizzarle o farle muovere, a piacimento&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">La direttrice <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/346\/6214\/1155.summary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">se la prende<\/a> con la valutazione &#8220;a peso&#8221; della ricerca:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>Current assessment is largely based on counting publications, counting citations, taking note of the impact factor of the journals where researchers publish, and derivatives of these such as the h-index. These approaches were severely criticized for numerous reasons, with shortcomings particularly apparent when assessing young scientists for prestigious, interdisciplinary awards. It is time to develop more appropriate measures and to use the scientific method itself to help in this endeavor.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Cos\u00ec dicono tutti da un decennio&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">&#8211; Un paper sul clima, tanto per far arrabbiare i globalcoolisti,\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/346\/6214\/1227\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sunke Schmidtko et al.<\/a><\/strong> sul\u00a0riscaldamento delle acque profonde attorno all&#8217;Antartide dal 1960 in poi e conseguente scioglimento della calotta glaciale, <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.geomar.de\/en\/news\/article\/antarktis-waerme-kommt-aus-der-tiefe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">com. stampa<\/a> <\/strong>di Geomar.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">(In tema: noti <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scilogs.com\/guest_blog\/climate-change-communication-taking-the-temperature-series-conclusion\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">climatologi<\/a> dicono perch\u00e9 fanno outreach; <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.realclimate.org\/index.php\/archives\/2014\/12\/recent-global-warming-trends-significant-or-paused-or-what\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stefan Rahmstorf <\/a><\/strong>va in meno pausa &#8220;or what?&#8221; e <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/tamino.wordpress.com\/2014\/12\/04\/a-pause-or-not-a-pause-that-is-the-question\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tamino is back<\/a>!<\/strong>)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">&#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/346\/6214\/1219\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Titolo sopra le righe<\/a> per l&#8217;esperimento di Sara Heller et al., qui <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w19014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gratis e pi\u00f9 approfondito<\/a><\/strong>, che misura l&#8217;effetto di lavoretti estivi a met\u00e0 tempo, sulla delinquenza e le prestazioni scolastiche di giovani maschi, due terzi dei quali neri e un terzo &#8220;ispanico&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>\u00a0In a randomized controlled trial among 1634 disadvantaged high school youth in Chicago, assignment to a summer jobs program decreases violence by 43% over 16 months (3.95 fewer violent-crime arrests per 100 youth). The decline occurs largely after the 8-week intervention ends. The results suggest the promise of using low-cost, well-targeted programs to generate meaningful behavioral change, even with a problem as complex as youth violence.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Delinquenza e arresti tornano al livello di prima, mentre i risultati a scuola restano migliori. Non granch\u00e9 ma gli altri programmi funzionano ancora meno. Il problema \u00e8 reso &#8220;complesso&#8221; dal proibizionismo esasperato, dal razzismo della polizia, rif.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nybooks.com\/articles\/archives\/2014\/oct\/09\/americas-front-lines\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">questo saggio-recensione<\/a> di Christopher Jencks, dal fatto che gli arresti calano perch\u00e9 molti stati <a href=\"http:\/\/juvenilejusticeblog.web.unc.edu\/2013\/03\/26\/telling-the-whole-truth-about-juvenile-incarceration-rates\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">non hanno pi\u00f9 i soldi<\/a> per mandare i minorenni in appositi centri di detenzione ecc.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">***<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Uno scimpanz\u00e9 non ha <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-us-canada-30338231\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">diritti umani<\/a>, dice un giudice americano, ma ne ha molti di pi\u00f9 delle persone rinchiuse in un <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/magazine-30293880\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ospedale psichiatrico<\/a> del Guatemala. (h\/t BBC)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Su Physics Today, Davide Michieletto e Matthew Turner spiegano come simulare molecole di polimeri circolari tendenti ad auto-intrecciarsi che potrebbero avere una transizione di fase e formare uno stato inedito del materiale detto &#8220;vetro topologico&#8221;. Ricetta: The two researchers created the large loops of pasta using just two eggs and 200 g of plain flour.&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/2014\/12\/05\/il-signore-degli-anelloni\/\">Continua a leggere <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Il signore degli anelloni<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,5,16],"tags":[3964,4725,5753,6166,6393,7141,7181],"class_list":["post-26691","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-altri-animali","category-astronomia","category-fisica","tag-lhc","tag-nature","tag-readcube","tag-science","tag-sociologia","tag-valutazione-della-ricerca","tag-vetro-topologico","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26691","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26691"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26691\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42758,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26691\/revisions\/42758"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26691"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26691"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26691"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}