{"id":27469,"date":"2015-03-26T16:56:07","date_gmt":"2015-03-26T15:56:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ocasapiens-dweb.blogautore.repubblica.it\/?p=27469"},"modified":"2021-11-13T20:18:32","modified_gmt":"2021-11-13T19:18:32","slug":"fischia-il-vento","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/2015\/03\/26\/fischia-il-vento\/","title":{"rendered":"Fischia il vento"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Mi sa che il Dipartimento di Fisica dell&#8217;universit\u00e0 di Bologna sta festeggiando la copertina di <em>Nature<\/em>, dedicata alla <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/nature\/journal\/v519\/n7544\/full\/nature14261.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ricerca<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0coordinata da<strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/francescotombesi.altervista.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Tombesi_CV_Oct_2014.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Francesco Tombesi<\/a><\/strong> dell&#8217;INAF, cervello in fuga dall&#8217;Alma Mater alla NASA e all&#8217;universit\u00e0 del Maryland.<br \/>\nEcco il risultato:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2015\/03\/black-hole_wind_sweeping_away_galactic_gas\/15327175-1-eng-GB\/Black-hole_wind_sweeping_away_galactic_gas_large.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><br \/>\n(Immagine: ESA\/Herschel)<\/p>\n<p>Con i dati raccolti nel 2013 da\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/global.jaxa.jp\/projects\/sat\/astro_e2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Suzaku<\/a>, un satellite a raggi X dell&#8217;Agenzia spaziale giapponese e della NASA e quelli dell&#8217;osservatorio spaziale\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cosmos.esa.int\/web\/herschel\/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Herschel <\/a>dell&#8217;ESA, hanno potuto misurare sia i &#8220;venti&#8221; prodotti \u00a0da un buco nero (AGN, active galactic nucleus) che i &#8220;flussi molecolari&#8221; emessi dalla galassia IRAS F11119+3257 che viaggiano quasi alla velocit\u00e0 della luce, e ne superano i confini. Si pensava che i flussi fossero creati dalla formazione di stelle, ma non \u00e8 cos\u00ec, almeno per IRAS F eccetera. Ha un nucleo troppo brillante (circa l&#8217;80% della sua radiazione globale) perch\u00e9 tutta quell&#8217;energia sia dovuto alla genesi stellare. I venti le portano via materia, invece.<\/p>\n<p>IRAS F ecc. potrebbe essere speciale, ma adesso che si sa come identificare un buco nero \u00e8 probabile che ne saltino fuori altre simili e che cambino le idee sul passato e il futuro delle galassie. Nel <a href=\"http:\/\/umdrightnow.umd.edu\/news\/supermassive-black-hole-blasts-star-making-gas-galaxy%E2%80%99s-core\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">com. stampa<\/a> dell&#8217;universit\u00e0 del Maryland, un collega francese di Francesco Tombesi dice:<\/p>\n<p><em>These are not like normal spiral or elliptical galaxies. They\u2019re like train wreck. Two galaxies collided with each other, and it\u2019s now a single object. This train wreck provided all the material to feed the supermassive black hole that is now driving the huge galactic-scale outflow.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Train-wreck? Meno male, la Via Lattea \u00e8 a spirale&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p><strong>Gatti di Schr\u00f6dinger come se piovessero<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;altro paper sensazionale \u00e8 <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/nature\/journal\/v519\/n7544\/full\/nature14293.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">quello <\/a><\/strong>di Robert McConnell del Centro <a href=\"http:\/\/cuaweb.mit.edu\/Pages\/ResearchMenu.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MIT Harvard<\/a> per gli atomi ultrafreddi, et al. Non ho capito come sia possibile, comunque hanno mandato un &#8220;debolissimo&#8221; impulso laser in un gas di atomi surgelati intrappolato tra due specchi, e un singolo fotone ha causato un entanglement bestiale in circa tremila atomi che si son disposti a ciambella<\/p>\n<p><em>Attaining such a negative Wigner function and the mutual entanglement of virtually all atoms is unprecedented for an ensemble containing more than a few particles.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>C&#8217;\u00e8 un&#8217;incertezza di pi\u00f9 o meno 190 atomi, ma<\/p>\n<p><em>further technical improvement should allow the generation of states that surpass this threshold, and of more complex Schr\u00f6dinger cat states for quantum metrology and information processing. More generally, our results demonstrate the power of heralded methods for entanglement generation, and illustrate how the information contained in a single photon can drastically alter the quantum state of a large system.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Un editoriale senza peli sulla lingua riguarda lo Human Brain Project europeo che dovrebbe simulare l&#8217;intero cervello al computer e portare a nuove terapie:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>Like many simplistic explanations of the brain, that characterization of the project provoked a backlash from neuroscientists. This climaxed in a full-scale uprising last summer, when hundreds of researchers signed a critical open letter to the commission (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.neurofuture.eu\/\">www.neurofuture.eu<\/a>). Autocratic management, they complained, was running the project off its scientific course and exaggerating its clinical reach.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ora \u00e8 uscito il <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fz-juelich.de\/SharedDocs\/Downloads\/PORTAL\/DE\/pressedownloads\/2015\/15-03-19hbp-recommendations.pdf;jsessionid=3915C94B7BAA70A47A69D5E9E2B25238?__blob=publicationFile\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rapporto<\/a> del comitato indipendente incaricato della mediazione tra i ribelli e l&#8217;autocrazia di Henry Markram:<\/p>\n<p><em>This time, the main points were easier for outsiders to decipher. The rebellious neuroscientists who made the complaints were correct. The brain project is failing and must be fixed.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>The committee\u2019s criticisms endorse more or less all the concerns of the scientists. The project fails not only in its governance, the report says, but also in its scientific plan \u2014 particularly the core aim, the simulation of the entire brain that critics had long dismissed as unrealistic.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Per\u00f2 un piano scientifico realistico riduce alla creazione di una piattaforma informatica per le neuroscienze \u00a0(della quale la Commissione europea discute da oltre 10 anni) gli scopi sociali ambiziosi che giustificano il finanziamento di un &#8220;progetto bandiera&#8221;:<\/p>\n<p><em>That is a more modest, but still magnificent, aim, and a perfect complement to the US BRAIN Initiative, which supports the development of other types of neurotechnologies. With the tools in place, one of the biggest challenges to science will be ready for systematic assault.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Gi\u00f9 le mani dal genoma dei gameti, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/don-t-edit-the-human-germ-line-1.17111\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">scrivono<\/a> Edward Lanphier e quattro colleghi, tutti coinvolti nell&#8217;editing di geni con la tecnologia CRISPR, ma non di cellule germinali. Serve una moratoria (sottinteso: l&#8217;adozione volontaria di regole, suggerita da David Baltimore et al. non basta) perch\u00e9 i rischi sono enormi e i vantaggi molto incerti:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>Key to all discussion and future research is making a clear distinction between genome editing in somatic cells and in germ cells. A voluntary moratorium in the scientific community could be an effective way to discourage human germline modification and raise public awareness of the difference between these two techniques. Legitimate concerns regarding the safety and ethical impacts of germline editing must not impede the significant progress being made in the clinical development of approaches to potentially cure serious debilitating diseases.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Davide Castelvecchi ha le<strong> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/cern-battles-short-circuit-behind-lhc-delay-1.17186?WT.ec_id=NEWS-20150326\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ultime notizie<\/a><\/strong> sul corto-circuito che ha bloccato il riavvio del collisorone di adroni, al CERN:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>The suspicion is that the short circuit, which is interrupting the power supply to one of the accelerator\u2019s magnets, is caused by a piece of debris. \u201cA small metallic object is sitting in what we call the diode box,\u201d explains accelerator physicist Lyn Evans, who led the original design and construction of the LHC<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Adesso provano a &#8220;purgarlo&#8221; con un getto di elio ad alta pressione.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>If this \u2018purge\u2019 does not work, he says, the team may need to open up the module. This would require temporarily warming an entire sector of the 27-kilometre ring up to room temperature \u2014 and would cause a much longer delay&#8230;<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Divergenze (previste) su insetticidi ed erbicidi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">L&#8217;Agenzia britannica per la ricerca sul cibo e l&#8217;ambiente ha travisato il risultato degli esperimenti per determinare gli effetti dei neonicotinoidi sui bombi, <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/bumblebee-study-called-into-question-1.17201\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">scrive<\/a><\/strong> Daniel Cressey<\/p>\n<p><em>Dave Goulson, a bee researcher at the University of Sussex in Falmer, UK, has reanalysed the FERA data and concluded that they actually show substantial negative effects of neonicotinoids on the performance of colonies. \u00a0\u201cI would argue they didn\u2019t correctly interpret their own results,\u201d says Goulson, who supports the EU moratorium on neonicotinoid use.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Moratoria alla quale la Gran Bretagna si \u00e8 opposta. Daniel C. riferisce anche delle polemiche sul glifosate che, su raccomandazione dell&#8217;Agenzia internazionale per la ricerca sul cancro di Lione, l&#8217;OMS ha classificato come &#8220;probabile carcinogeno&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><em>On 23 March, Robb Fraley, chief technology officer at the agrochemical company Monsanto in St Louis, Missouri, which sells much of the world\u2019s glyphosate, accused the IARC of \u201ccherry picking\u201d data. \u201cWe are outraged with this assessment,\u201d he said in a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/news.monsanto.com\/press-release\/research-and-development\/monsanto-reinforces-decades-data-and-regulatory-review-clearl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement<\/a>.\u00a0Nature\u00a0explains the controversy.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Nature non si schiera con Monsanto&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Lo &#8220;speciale&#8221; \u00e8 sui nuovi e futuri biomateriali che imitano le propriet\u00e0 di quelli naturali e potrebbero dotarci di superpoteri oltre che di decenni di vita in pi\u00f9. Da leggersi con calma, bibliografie comprese, cominciando dall&#8217;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/nature\/journal\/v519\/n7544_supp\/full\/519S2a.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">articolo<\/a> di Julie Gould.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0***<\/p>\n<p>Proseguono le <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/retractionwatch.com\/2015\/03\/26\/biomed-central-retracting-43-papers-for-fake-peer-review\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ritrattazioni <\/a><\/strong>di articoli usciti dopo una falsa peer-review organizzata in Cina:<\/p>\n<p><em>Some of the manipulations appear to have been conducted by third-party agencies offering language-editing and submission assistance to authors. It is unclear whether the authors of the manuscripts involved were aware that the agencies were proposing fabricated reviewers on their behalf or whether authors proposed fabricated names directly themselves.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Almeno c&#8217;era un &#8220;editing&#8221;, nell&#8217;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.currentscience.ac.in\/php\/feat.php?feature=Special%20Section:%20Low%20Energy%20Nuclear%20Reactions&amp;featid=10094\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">inserto FuF<\/a> di<em> Current Science<\/em>, nemmeno quello&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mi sa che il Dipartimento di Fisica dell&#8217;universit\u00e0 di Bologna sta festeggiando la copertina di Nature, dedicata alla ricerca\u00a0coordinata da Francesco Tombesi dell&#8217;INAF, cervello in fuga dall&#8217;Alma Mater alla NASA e all&#8217;universit\u00e0 del Maryland. Ecco il risultato: (Immagine: ESA\/Herschel) Con i dati raccolti nel 2013 da\u00a0Suzaku, un satellite a raggi X dell&#8217;Agenzia spaziale giapponese e&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/2015\/03\/26\/fischia-il-vento\/\">Continua a leggere <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Fischia il vento<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,5,16,17,22,30],"tags":[543,897,1023,1712,2182,2331,3964,4725,4767,5959],"class_list":["post-27469","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-altri-animali","category-astronomia","category-fisica","category-genetica","category-neuroscienze","category-tecno","tag-api","tag-biomateriali","tag-buchi-neri","tag-crispr","tag-ehbp","tag-entanglement","tag-lhc","tag-nature","tag-neonicotinoidi","tag-ritrattazioni","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27469","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27469"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27469\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43577,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27469\/revisions\/43577"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27469"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27469"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27469"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}