{"id":29029,"date":"2015-12-11T16:41:10","date_gmt":"2015-12-11T15:41:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ocasapiens-dweb.blogautore.repubblica.it\/?p=29029"},"modified":"2021-12-05T20:19:28","modified_gmt":"2021-12-05T19:19:28","slug":"fatiche-damore","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/2015\/12\/11\/fatiche-damore\/","title":{"rendered":"&quot;fatiche d&#039;amore&quot;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.5em;\">Oggi a radiopop inizia l&#8217;<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.radiopopolare.it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">abbonaggio<\/a><\/strong>, le Oche sono rimandate, cos\u00ec ho il tempo per un O&#8217;s digest di <em>Science.<\/em> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.5em;\">L&#8217;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/350\/6266\/1295.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">editoriale <\/a><\/strong>della direttrice, sul posto garantito per i professori universitari che in USA sta diventando sempre pi\u00f9 raro, si conclude con una proposta di precariato generale <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"line-height: 1.5em;\"><em>\u00a0it&#8217;s time for universities to discuss unilateral action and institute some other mechanism. For example, promotion to associate professor could be rewarded with a longer-term contract (10 years), followed by a series of renewable 10-year contracts (or in rare cases, longer contracts) as a full professor. The contracts would be nonbinding, giving the faculty member flexibility to consider opportunities at other institutions.<\/em><br \/>\n<\/span><br \/>\nVa detto che in USA ci sono molte istituzioni oltre alle universit\u00e0, ma di solito i professori che ci lavorano preferiscono conservare anche la cattedra. \u00a0A volte il lavoro pu\u00f2 essere molto redditizio, come si \u00e8 visto con il tariffario per la &#8220;fatica d&#8217;amore&#8221; di William Happer, presidente del famigerato Marshall Institute. Il suo predecessore era retribuito per incrementare il fumo di sigarette, oggi Happer lo \u00e8 per incrementare i fumi da combustibili fossili. Nella sua falsa testimonianza al Senato, il prof. Happer (emerito) ha lodato le emissioni di CO2 senza le quali le piante non ci sarebbero, come se fossero apparse nell&#8217;Ottocento. Negli ospedali, secondo lui, la temperatura del paziente si misura nell&#8217;infrarosso come i sensori satellitari per quella della troposfera. (In realt\u00e0, sono anni che quei sensori misurano la radiazione nelle micro-onde).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.overservedblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/voleplay.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.overservedblog.com\/science-prairie-voles-inebriated-love\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>fonte del titolo<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Fra i paper, c&#8217;\u00e8 una ricerca multidisciplinare di <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/350\/6266\/1371.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Maria Okhovat <em>et al.<\/em> <\/a>sulla fedelt\u00e0 variabile degli arvicoli &#8211;\u00a0<em>Microtus ochrogaster. <\/em>Le arvicole fanno parte del 5% di mammiferi (quasi sempre) monogami esistenti in natura, e forse per questo motivo i loro rapporti sociali sono molto studiati. Okhovat et al. hanno identificato differenze genetiche e cerebrali, ereditarie, fra infedeli (EPF) e i fedeli (IPF):<\/p>\n<p><em>We conclude that balancing selection has actively maintained regulatory variation at the\u00a0avpr1a\u00a0locus. This regulatory variation seems to be specifically associated with brain regions related to memory and space use&#8230;.\u00a0Together these data suggest that trade-offs in the fitness consequences of spatial behaviors promote diversity in the social brain. By focusing on what would seem to be the simplest of social phenotypes\u2014the neural expression patterns of a single gene\u2014we gain insights into the complex interplay of forces that shape both gene function and social evolution.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Gli infedeli, una minoranza, hanno una memoria spaziale inferiore a quella dei fedeli, e una buona memoria spaziale avrebbe favorito l&#8217;evoluzione della monogamia<span style=\"line-height: 1.5em;\">. Correlazione da verificare, dice<\/span><strong><a style=\"line-height: 1.5em;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/350\/6266\/1310.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Gene Robinson<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"line-height: 1.5em;\">, \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"p-9\"><em>Okhovat\u00a0et al.\u00a0also use radio-tracking data to show that EPF males have relatively larger home ranges, which overlap with the territories of other males. Are EPF males more amorous, gregarious, or novelty-seeking? We do not know yet, but the authors use their neuroanatomical data to argue for a more prosaic explanation: poor spatial memory.<\/em><\/p>\n<p id=\"p-10\"><em>The idea builds on an earlier suggestion that IPF males might remember painfully well the locations of rough encounters with other males and thus stay closer to home, whereas EPF males are less inhibited by unpleasant spatial memories and continue to roam (see the figure). This speculation provided the basis for Okhovat\u00a0et al.&#8217;s hypothesis that the well-known behavioral ecological trade-off between siring additional offspring and being cuckolded while out and about operates for prairie voles. They report a positive correlation between how often a male intrudes on a neighboring male&#8217;s territory and how often his own territory is intruded upon by another wandering male. An EPF male encounters more females than IPF males and thus more opportunities for mating, but so does his partner back home. This trade-off is etched in the genome, with evidence of balancing selection for the above-mentioned\u00a0avpr1a\u00a0SNPs, but no such evidence at several other locations in the prairie vole genome.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>256 Shades of Gray<\/strong><br \/>\nNel 2011, avevo citato i superfluidi polaritonici che rivelano solitoni quanto-idrodinamici, se non ricordo male, un lavoro coordinato da Alberto Bramati dell&#8217;universit\u00e0 di Losanna. Questa settimana esce <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/350\/6266\/aad9363.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">una correzione<\/a><\/strong>. Non solo era saltata la scala dei colori nella fig. 1, ma per un errore tipografico nei pannelli A-B-C della fig. 3, le\u00a0256 tonalit\u00e0 di grigio erano sbagliate. Chiss\u00e0 come hanno fatto ad accorgersene, comunque:<br \/>\n<em>\u00a0<\/em><em>The conclusions are not affected.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p><strong>Niente ola, cont.<\/strong><br \/>\nForse Judith Curry sperava di prendere quattro piccioni con una fava dimostrando che<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Michael Mann \u00e8 un \u00a0incapace<\/li>\n<li>c&#8217;\u00e8 una &#8220;pausa&#8221; nel tasso di riscaldamento globale<\/li>\n<li>marted\u00ec al Senato non aveva mentito<\/li>\n<li>il riscaldamento attuale e la &#8220;pausa&#8221; &#8211; iniziata 15 anni fa <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/blog.hotwhopper.com\/2014\/03\/did-judith-curry-get-stadium-wave.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">doveva <\/a><\/strong>durare\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/news\/article-2485772\/Global-warming-pause-20-years-Arctic-sea-ice-started-recover.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">30 anni <\/a><\/strong>&#8211; sono causati da un ciclo a\u00a0<strong>&#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/scienceblogs.com\/gregladen\/2014\/04\/08\/waving-good-bye-to-the-stadium-wave-model-about-that-global-warming-hiatus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ola da stadio<\/a><\/strong>&#8221; delle correnti oceaniche.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>con un <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/350\/6266\/1326.2.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">commento<\/a> <\/strong>insieme a Marcia Wyatt (co-autrice dell&#8217;ola),\u00a0S.\u00a0Kravtsov,\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/denierlist.wordpress.com\/2013\/10\/04\/anastasios-tsonis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A. A.\u00a0Tsonis<\/a><\/strong>,\u00a0che vorrebbe invalidare il paper di <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/347\/6225\/988.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Steinman, Mann e Miller<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0sull&#8217;assenza dell&#8217;ola da stadio.<\/p>\n<p>Grazie dell&#8217;attenzione,\u00a0rispondono<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Steinman, Mann e Miller coadiuvati da England e Frankcombe,\u00a0purtroppo avete scelto una tecnica statistica sempliciotta che elimina la variazione naturale,\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/350\/6266\/1326.3.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rispondono<\/a><\/strong> Mann et al., e l&#8217;avete pure usata male.<\/p>\n<p id=\"p-10\"><em>Furthermore, the principal conclusions of Steinman\u00a0et al.\u00a0(regarding the recent slowdown in surface warming) have been supported by at least eight other prominent studies (<a id=\"xref-ref-8-1\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/350\/6266\/1326.3.full#ref-8\">8<\/a>\u2013<a id=\"xref-ref-15-1\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/350\/6266\/1326.3.full#ref-15\">15<\/a>), of which the most recent (<a id=\"xref-ref-15-2\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/350\/6266\/1326.3.full#ref-15\">15<\/a>) uses a semi-empirical method (in which the forced signal is estimated using a MMEM) that is very similar to the target region regression method of Steinman\u00a0et al.<\/em><\/p>\n<p id=\"p-11\"><em>In short, we find no merit to the criticisms of Kratsov\u00a0et al. We once again emphasize that the linear detrending procedure used in their past work leads to extremely biased estimates of internal variability and should not be employed&#8230;\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Gliel&#8217;aveva spiegato anche\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/tamino.wordpress.com\/2014\/01\/24\/the-rise-and-fall-of-judith-curry\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tamino<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oggi a radiopop inizia l&#8217;abbonaggio, le Oche sono rimandate, cos\u00ec ho il tempo per un O&#8217;s digest di Science. L&#8217;editoriale della direttrice, sul posto garantito per i professori universitari che in USA sta diventando sempre pi\u00f9 raro, si conclude con una proposta di precariato generale \u00a0it&#8217;s time for universities to discuss unilateral action and institute&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/2015\/12\/11\/fatiche-damore\/\">Continua a leggere <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">&quot;fatiche d&#039;amore&quot;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,10,17,22],"tags":[57,608,2483,3780,4465,6405,7309],"class_list":["post-29029","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-altri-animali","category-clima","category-genetica","category-neuroscienze","tag-pausa","tag-arvicole","tag-evoluzione","tag-judith-curry","tag-michael-mann","tag-solitoni","tag-william-happer","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29029","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29029"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29029\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43862,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29029\/revisions\/43862"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29029"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29029"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29029"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}