{"id":33289,"date":"2018-03-20T15:26:11","date_gmt":"2018-03-20T14:26:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ocasapiens-dweb.blogautore.repubblica.it\/?p=33289"},"modified":"2022-02-13T12:33:35","modified_gmt":"2022-02-13T11:33:35","slug":"correlazione-o-causalita","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/2018\/03\/20\/correlazione-o-causalita\/","title":{"rendered":"Correlazione o causalit\u00e0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Nelle Filippine dove si pesca alla dinamite, al cianuro ecc., i Sea Knights <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eblnews.com\/video\/statue-saving-coral-reef-philippines-bbc-news-357824\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">sono convinti <\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span>che la statua della Vergine che avevano immerso nel 2010 in un banco di coralli lo abbia salvato dalla distruzione. Forse, ma Ong ambientaliste hanno una spiegazione <a href=\"http:\/\/oceana.org\/blog\/local-efforts-put-dent-illegal-dynamite-fishing-philippines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">un po&#8217; <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">meno miracolosa<\/span><\/a>: agli abitanti, il turismo rende di pi\u00f9.<\/p>\n<p>Cos\u00ec i pescatori vanno nelle acque territoriali di altri paesi.\u00a0Su<em> Nature Eco&amp;Evo<\/em>, il gruppo di Steven Gaines e Christopher Costello <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41559-018-0499-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">calcolano<\/span><\/a><\/span> i benefici &#8220;rapidi e duraturi&#8221; delle misure prese in Indonesia:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Indonesia recently implemented aggressive policies to curtail the high levels of IUU [illegal, unreported and unregulated] fishing it experiences from foreign-flagged vessels. We show that Indonesia\u2019s policies have reduced total fishing effort by at least 25%, illustrating with empirical evidence the possibility of achieving fishery reform without short-term losses to the local fishery economy. Compared with using typical management reforms that would require a 15% reduction in catch and 16% reduction in profit, the approach of curtailing IUU has the potential to generate a 14% increase in catch and a 12% increase in profit.<\/p>\n<p>Duraturi? Da un <a href=\"\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/indonesia-fishing\/indonesian-minister-urged-to-stop-destroying-illegal-fishing-boats-idUSL4N1P52D8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">articolo<\/a> della Reuters:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Senior government and business officials on Wednesday urged Indonesia\u2019s fisheries minister to stop blowing up foreign boats caught fishing illegally, saying the policy could hurt diplomatic ties and the fisheries industry.\u00a0Under the popular minister, Susi Pudjiastuti, Indonesia has destroyed hundreds of foreign illegal vessels since 2014, among them Chinese, Thai and Vietnamese boats, in an effort to protect domestic fish stocks and fishermen.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u00a0But Vice President Jusuf Kalla said the policy could affect relations with other countries.<\/p>\n<p>Cina, Thailandia e Vietnam difendono il diritto dei propri cittadini a violare la legge altrove. Per ora la ministra\u00a0Pudjiastuti resiste, ma l&#8217;anno prossimo ci sono le elezioni e non \u00e8 detto che il suo successore faccia altrettanto.<br \/>\nRefrain da 50 anni a questa parte: ci vorrebbe un accordo mondiale sullo sfruttamento delle risorse marine.<\/p>\n<p>Catriona Clemmesen <em>et al.<\/em> di Geomar hanno fatto un <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41559-018-0514-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">esperimento<\/span><\/a><\/span> in mare semi-aperto:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">In an in situ mesocosm study on Atlantic herring (<i>Clupea harengus<\/i>) larvae as top predators in a pelagic food web, we account for indirect CO2\u00a0effects on larval survival mediated by changes in food availability. The community was exposed to projected end-of-the-century CO2\u00a0conditions (~760?ppm CO2 atm.) over a period of 113 days. In contrast with laboratory studies that reported a decrease in fish survival, the survival of the herring larvae in situ was significantly enhanced by 19?\u00b1?2%. Analysis of the plankton community dynamics suggested that the herring larvae benefitted from a CO2-stimulated increase in primary production.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0191947\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Su <em>PLoS One<\/em> in gennaio<\/span><\/a><\/span>, lo stesso gruppo aveva pubblicato un esperimento pi\u00f9 breve, con una temperatura dell&#8217;acqua da 10 a 12 \u00b0C e una concentrazione di CO2 da 400 a 900 ppm:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 30px;\">A synergistic effect of elevated temperature and CO2\u00a0was found for larval weight, where no effect of elevated CO2\u00a0concentrations was detected in the 12\u00b0C treatment, but a negative CO2\u00a0effect was found in the 10\u00b0C treatment.\u00a0Under ambient CO2\u00a0conditions [400 ppm CO2 atm.] survival was increased at 12\u00b0C compared to 10\u00b0C. In general, CO2\u00a0effects were minor and considered negligible compared to the effect of temperature under these mimicked natural food conditions.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Ok, la progressione \u00e8 logaritmica e gli oceani ci mettono di pi\u00f9 ad &#8220;assorbire&#8221; il calore, ma non ho capito lo stesso come mai nel loro modello a 900 ppm di CO2 atm. la temperatura aumenti <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skepticalscience.com\/Why_the_Miocene_Matters.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">soltanto <\/a>\u00a0di 2 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">A proposito, Climalteranti <a href=\"ww.climalteranti.it\/2018\/03\/18\/i-cambiamenti-climatici-nelle-elezioni-politiche-2018\/#more-8327\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pubblica<\/a> gli impegni presi dai partiti in merito ai cambiamenti climatici.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Causalit\u00e0 e correlazioni<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Dopo <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.realclimate.org\/index.php\/archives\/2018\/03\/alsup-asks-for-answers\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Real Climate<\/span><\/a><\/span>, anche <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/arstechnica.com\/science\/2018\/03\/here-are-answers-to-a-federal-judges-queries-about-climate-science\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Ars Technica<\/span><\/a><\/span> risponde alle <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs2.law.columbia.edu\/climate-change-litigation\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/case-documents\/2018\/20180306_docket-317-cv-06011_order.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">otto domande <\/a>sul clima rivolte dal giudice <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/William_Haskell_Alsup\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">William Alsup<\/a>, alle parti in causa nel\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.climateliabilitynews.org\/2018\/03\/01\/climate-cases-liability-federal-san-francisco-oakland\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">processo<\/span><\/a><\/span>\u00a0di\u00a0 San Francisco, Oakland ecc. vs. BP, Chevron, ConocoPhillips, Exxon Mobil e Royal Dutch Shell. Un commentatore ricorda che<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 30px;\">[Alsup] learned basic Java for the Oracle vs Google case. Which lead to the fantastic &#8220;rangeCheck&#8221; exchange in which the lawyer for Oracle tried really hard to convince Alsup that creating it would require months and was copied in order to speed Android to market.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8220;THE COURT: You&#8217;re one of the best lawyers in America. How can you even make that argument?&#8221; (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.groklaw.net\/pdf4\/OraclevGoogle-1172.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">p.\u00a0143<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2017\/10\/19\/16503076\/oracle-vs-google-judge-william-alsup-interview-waymo-uber\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chiss\u00e0 cosa<\/a> dir\u00e0 del &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/blogs2.law.columbia.edu\/climate-change-litigation\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/case-documents\/2018\/20180316_docket-317-cv-06011_amicus-brief-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">brief<\/a>&#8221; di <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs2.law.columbia.edu\/climate-change-litigation\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/case-documents\/2018\/20180316_docket-317-cv-06011_amicus-brief-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Christopher Monckton<\/a> dalla rosa saracinesca, Willie &#8220;mi paga Exxon Mobil&#8221; Soon, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.delawareonline.com\/story\/news\/local\/2015\/02\/26\/university-delaware-professor-caught-climate-change-controversy\/24047281\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">David &#8220;idem&#8221; Legates<\/a> e\u00a0cinque ignoti che sostengono di rappresentare il 99,7% della comunit\u00e0 scientifica e solo il restante 0,3% \u00e8 d&#8217;accordo con il consenso.<\/p>\n<p>Poi leggo il <a href=\"http:\/\/1ggye33lc4653z56mp34pl6t.wpengine.netdna-cdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Tutorial-Professor-Presentation.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">brief\u00a0<\/a> di William Happer, Richard Lindzen e Steve &#8220;non so niente di clima&#8221; Koonin, l&#8217;abstract tende alla correlazione:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">1. The climate is always changing; changes like those of the past half-century\u00a0 are common in the geologic record, driven by powerful natural phenomena [100% correlazione]<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">2. Human influences on the climate are a small (1%) perturbation to natural\u00a0energy flows [confondono riscaldamento e cambiamenti climatici: l&#8217;innalzamento del livello del mare non \u00e8 solo un &#8220;flusso energetico&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">3. It is not possible to tell how much of the modest recent warming can be\u00a0ascribed to human influences [i.e. non si sa se i gas serra hanno un effetto serra]<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">4. There have been no detrimental changes observed in the most salient\u00a0climate variables and today\u2019s projections of future changes are highly\u00a0uncertain [affermazione smentita dalla prima figura a <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/1ggye33lc4653z56mp34pl6t.wpengine.netdna-cdn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Tutorial-Professor-Presentation.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">pagina 1<\/span><\/a><\/span> e da quella a p. 7]<\/p>\n<p>Spero che Alsup chieda loro di spiegare il trucchetto del grafico &#8220;HadCrut&#8221; in fondo a p. 2 (<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.metoffice.gov.uk\/hadobs\/hadcrut3\/diagnostics\/comparison.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">grafico originale<\/span><\/a><\/span>).<br \/>\nNel frattempo ha chiesto loro di spiegare entro oggi alle 17 perch\u00e9 hanno mandato il brief solo ieri (l&#8217;interrogazione orale \u00e8 domani!) e di dire se hanno legami con i querelanti. Tolto Koonin, agli <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/morgan-goodwin\/exxon-funded-think-tank-c_b_582673.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">altri due<\/span><\/a><\/span> sar\u00e0 difficile <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sourcewatch.org\/index.php\/Richard_S._Lindzen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">negarlo<\/a>. <span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ce la far\u00e0 Koonin da solo a superare l&#8217;orale?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">***<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=n6Xx1pq9Y98\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">L&#8217;arroseur arros\u00e9<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"\/\/www.channel4.com\/news\/cambridge-analytica-revealed-trumps-election-consultants-filmed-saying-they-use-bribes-and-sex-workers-to-entrap-politicians-investigation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">L&#8217;inchiesta<\/a> <em>Observer-Guardian-Channel 4<\/em> &#8211; partita dalla giornalista <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/carolecadwalla\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Carole Callandawr<\/a>, minacciata di querele da <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/carolecadwalla\/status\/863643199075700736\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">un anno<\/a> &#8211; \u00e8 andata in onda nonostante<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 30px;\">Cambridge Analytica objected strenuously to being surreptitiously videotaped discussing their practice of surreptitiously videotaping people<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">In compagnia di procaci signorine ucraine, per conto di una compagnia chiamata &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/beta.companieshouse.gov.uk\/officers\/YEplkqBMfc6Rp3dbPs57pN3aqO4\/appointments\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Emerdata<\/a>&#8221; (<em>sic<\/em>), di Alexander Nix, CEO &#8220;sospeso&#8221; di Cambridge Analytica, uso mentire alle commissioni parlamentari per conto dei <a href=\"https:\/\/beta.companieshouse.gov.uk\/company\/10911848\/officers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mercer<\/a>, azionisti di maggioranza di Cam. Anal., Emerdata ecc.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">D&#8217;altronde anche Twitter e Google vendono i dati degli utenti. Google vende i miei a ciarlatani e imbroglioni che m&#8217;inseguono con\u00a0 pubblicit\u00e0 per le loro merci.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">***<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rs2RlZQVXBU&amp;feature=youtu.be\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Un&#8217;iniziativa<\/span><\/a><\/span> di John Oliver fa da tiramis\u00f9 in mezzo ai <a href=\"https:\/\/www.unocha.org\/taxonomy\/term\/16\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">disastri umanitari<\/a>\u00a0&#8211; disastri\u00a0che <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reliefweb.int\/report\/south-sudan\/nearly-two-thirds-population-south-sudan-risk-rising-hunger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">si ripetono<\/span><\/a><\/span>\u00a0da quando il Congresso ha approvato l&#8217;Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act nel 2004, prorogato anche da Obama, e\u00a0nonostante l&#8217;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.govtrack.us\/congress\/bills\/113\/hr3526\/text\">Humanitarian Aid Facilitation Act<\/a>\u00a0del 2013.\u00a0\u00a0Con i decreti di Trump \u00e8 diventato ancora pi\u00f9 difficile intervenire in tempo.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">***<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Cronache di ordinaria follia<\/strong>, <em>passim<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.abuondiritto.it\/it\/eventi\/1925-ong,-manconi-contro-il-reato-di-soccorso-in-mare.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">A Catania<\/span><\/a><\/span>, un procuratore non sa la differenza tra &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/m.famigliacristiana.it\/articolo\/il-grande-inganno-delle-accuse-a-open-arms-non-esistono-acque-sar-libiche.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dovere&#8221; e &#8220;reato&#8221; e\/o tra &#8220;acque territoriali&#8221; e &#8220;acque internazionali<\/a>&#8220;?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">In<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.it\/scienza\/medicina\/2018\/03\/19\/vaccini-medici-infermieri-emilia-romagna-cgil\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"> Emilia-Romagna<\/span>,<\/a>\u00a0scrive Riccardo Saporiti su <em>Wired<\/em>, la CGIL e sindacati minori rivendicano il diritto a non vaccinarsi contro morbillo, parotite, rosolia e varicella per medici e infermieri che lavorano nei &#8220;reparti ad alto rischio&#8221;:\u00a0oncologia, ematologia, radioterapia, centro trapianti e dialisi per trapiantati, neonatologia, ostetricia, pediatria, malattie infettive, rianimazione, Pronto soccorso.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Cio\u00e8 rivendicano la libert\u00e0 di infettare\u00a0il maggior numero possibile di pazienti, buono a sapersi.\u00a0Dopo lo stupore suscitato dalla sua opposizione all&#8217;<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/salute.regione.emilia-romagna.it\/news\/regione\/il-fatto\/vaccinazioni-i-criteri-per-lidoneita-degli-operatori-in-ospedale\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">obbligo<\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0(1)\u00a0<\/span><\/span>deciso dalla giunta regionale,<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left; padding-left: 30px;\">&#8220;<em>Non siamo contro le vaccinazioni<\/em>,&#8221; premette la <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.er.cgil.it\/flex\/cm\/pages\/ServeBLOB.php\/L\/IT\/IDPagina\/2471\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">Fp-CGIL<\/span><\/a><\/span> sul proprio sito<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Se fosse contro, cosa cambierebbe?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">(1) Come nel resto d&#8217;Italia, i chirurghi non possono operare se sono infetti da virus dell\u2019epatite B e C, e da HIV.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nelle Filippine dove si pesca alla dinamite, al cianuro ecc., i Sea Knights sono convinti \u00a0che la statua della Vergine che avevano immerso nel 2010 in un banco di coralli lo abbia salvato dalla distruzione. Forse, ma Ong ambientaliste hanno una spiegazione un po&#8217; meno miracolosa: agli abitanti, il turismo rende di pi\u00f9. Cos\u00ec i&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/2018\/03\/20\/correlazione-o-causalita\/\">Continua a leggere <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Correlazione o causalit\u00e0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,3,10,23,25],"tags":[138,497,583,814,1084,1483,2748,5288],"class_list":["post-33289","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-altri-animali","category-ambiente","category-clima","category-non-profit","category-politica","tag-acidificazione-degli-oceani","tag-anti-vax","tag-aringhe","tag-big-data","tag-cambridge-analytica","tag-co2-atmosferica","tag-fp-cgil","tag-pesca-distruttiva","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33289","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33289"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33289\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45408,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33289\/revisions\/45408"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33289"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33289"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33289"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}