{"id":33744,"date":"2018-07-31T15:46:09","date_gmt":"2018-07-31T13:46:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ocasapiens-dweb.blogautore.repubblica.it\/?p=33744"},"modified":"2022-02-19T16:50:07","modified_gmt":"2022-02-19T15:50:07","slug":"i-sopravvissuti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/2018\/07\/31\/i-sopravvissuti\/","title":{"rendered":"I sopravvissuti"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Gli ultimi paper di <em>Nature Climate Science<\/em> hanno titoli poco rassicuranti:<br \/>\n&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41558-018-0222-x\">Higher temperatures increase suicide rates in the United States and Mexico<\/a>\u00a0&#8211; un&#8217;associazione non un rapporto causa-effetto. Con il caldo aumentano i suicidi anche dove non ci sono milioni di armi in circolazione?<br \/>\n&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41558-018-0245-3\">Detection of continental-scale intensification of hourly rainfall extremes<\/a>\u00a0&#8211; le precipitazioni osservate in Australia dal 1966 al 2013, scrivono Selma Guerreiro <em>et al<\/em>., confermano la teoria, le previsioni e le simulazioni dei modelli.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncl.ac.uk\/press\/articles\/latest\/2018\/07\/australia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Com. stampa<\/a> dell&#8217;Universit\u00e0 di Newcastle (in Australia&#8230;)<br \/>\n&#8211;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41558-018-0230-x\">Risk of increased food insecurity under stringent global climate change mitigation policy<\/a>\u00a0&#8211; gli autori concordano con le Ong. Una carbon tax applicata all&#8217;agricoltura senza alcuna &#8220;rete di sicurezza&#8221; farebbe pagare la riduzione delle emissioni di gas serra a chi non se lo pu\u00f2 permettere:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>A robust finding is that by 2050, stringent climate mitigation policy, if implemented evenly across all sectors and regions, would have a greater negative impact on global hunger and food consumption than the direct impacts of climate change.\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>The negative impacts would be most prevalent in vulnerable, low-income regions such as sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, where food security problems are already acute.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.iiasa.ac.at\/web\/home\/about\/news\/180730-food-insecurity.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Com.stampa<\/a> dello IIASA. <a href=\"First, the tax would raise the cost of food production, especially for carbon-intensive products such as meat.  Second, the tax would raise the costs associated with agriculture expansion, which would lead to higher land rents.  Third, the tax would incentivise the production of biofuels \u2013 which would compete with food crops for space, further driving up land rates.  All three of these consequences could drive up food prices, which would be costly for the world\u2019s lowest earners \u2013 who spend up to 60-80% of their income on food.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Carbon Brief<\/a> spiega gli scenari socio-economici usati per le proiezioni fino al 2050.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Yes, we can<\/strong><br \/>\nI problemi di sicurezza alimentare c&#8217;erano anche per le specie del genere <em>Homo<\/em> a met\u00e0 del Pleistocene. In una &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41562-018-0394-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">perspective<\/a>&#8221; di <em>Nature Human Behaviour<\/em>, Patrick Roberts e Brian Stewart confrontano i dati disponibili per ciascuna. Gli autori &#8220;suggeriscono&#8221; che rispetto alle altre specie uscite dall&#8217;Africa, da &#8220;generalisti-specialisti&#8221; siamo stati capaci di costruirci una &#8220;nicchia ecologica&#8221; e di sopravvivere nelle altre:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>Not only did [Homo sapiens] occupy and utilize a diversity of environments, but it also specialized in its adaptation to some of these environmental extremes.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>mentre i Neandertal restavano nelle zone pi\u00f9 temperate dell&#8217;Eurasia. Per ora \u00e8 solo un&#8217;ipotesi, e andrebbe confermata o meno da studi multi-disciplinari. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.shh.mpg.de\/1021619\/general-specialist-homo-sapiens\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bel com. stampa<\/a> dell&#8217;Istituto Max Planck per la scienza della storia umana.<br \/>\nSempre a proposito di studi multi-disciplinari, Yoshi Maizumi\u00a0<em>et al.<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41477-018-0205-y\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">scrivono<\/a> su <em>Nature Plants<\/em> che 4,5 mila anni fa nelle foreste pluviali del Mato Grosso \u00e8 iniziata la policoltura &#8220;agro-forestale&#8221;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>the cultivation of multiple annual crops with the progressive enrichment of edible forest species and the exploitation of aquatic resources<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>necessaria alla sussistenza di circa 10 milioni di persone (?), e quindi di societ\u00e0 precolombiane &#8220;complesse&#8221; nell&#8217;entroterra dell&#8217;Amazzonia orientale:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>closed-canopy forest enrichment, limited clearing for crop cultivation <\/em><em>and low-severity fire management, long-term food security was attained despite climate and social changes.\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Una lezione utile per affrontare i cambiamenti climatici e sociali attuali, invece di radere le foreste per coltivare soia e far pascolare il bestiame.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.exeter.ac.uk\/news\/featurednews\/title_672088_en.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Com. stampa<\/a> dell&#8217;Universit\u00e0 di Exeter, rif. anche <a href=\"https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/news\/science\/amazon-rainforest-hidden-europeans-arrive-brazil-villages-society-university-exeter-a8276326.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>The Independent<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gli ultimi paper di Nature Climate Science hanno titoli poco rassicuranti: &#8211;\u00a0Higher temperatures increase suicide rates in the United States and Mexico\u00a0&#8211; un&#8217;associazione non un rapporto causa-effetto. Con il caldo aumentano i suicidi anche dove non ci sono milioni di armi in circolazione? &#8211;\u00a0Detection of continental-scale intensification of hourly rainfall extremes\u00a0&#8211; le precipitazioni osservate in&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/2018\/07\/31\/i-sopravvissuti\/\">Continua a leggere <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">I sopravvissuti<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,4,10,23],"tags":[223,369,1127,3340,6306],"class_list":["post-33744","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ambiente","category-antropologia","category-clima","category-non-profit","tag-agroforesteria","tag-amazzonia","tag-carbon-tax","tag-homo-sapiens","tag-sicurezza-alimentare","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33744","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33744"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33744\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45681,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33744\/revisions\/45681"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33744"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33744"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33744"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}