{"id":33870,"date":"2018-09-13T17:15:47","date_gmt":"2018-09-13T15:15:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ocasapiens-dweb.blogautore.repubblica.it\/?p=33870"},"modified":"2022-02-19T19:01:44","modified_gmt":"2022-02-19T18:01:44","slug":"presunti-stacanovisti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/2018\/09\/13\/presunti-stacanovisti\/","title":{"rendered":"Presunti stacanovisti"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/ima.org.uk\/8936\/ima-lms-joint-meeting-noether-celebration\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dopo <\/a><\/strong>l&#8217;Istituto di matematica applicata e la London Mathematical Society, anche\u00a0<em>Natur<\/em>e celebra il centenario del teorema di (Emmy) Noether con un <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-018-06658-w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">editoriale<\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>Albert Einstein had just developed his general theory of relativity, and was struggling to understand how energy fitted into his equations. Hilbert and Klein were working on it, too, and asked Noether for help.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>That she did help is an understatement. Noether\u2019s expertise in symmetry led her to discover that the symmetries of a physical system are inextricably linked to physical quantities that are conserved, such as energy. These ideas became known as Noether\u2019s theorem (<a href=\"https:\/\/gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de\/id\/PPN252457811_1918?tify=%7B%22view%22%3A%22info%22%2C%22pages%22%3A%5B241%5D%7D\">E. Noether\u00a0Nachr. d. Ges. d. Wiss. zu G\u00f6ttingen, Math.-phys. Kl.\u00a01918, 235\u2013257; 1918<\/a>).<\/em><br \/>\n<em>As well as answering a conundrum in general relativity, this theorem became a guiding principle for the discovery of new physical laws.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p>Un &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/s4.reutersmedia.net\/resources\/r\/?m=02&amp;d=20180912&amp;t=2&amp;i=1303636486&amp;r=LYNXNPEE8B1TU&amp;w=1280\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">disegno astratto<\/a>&#8221; in ocra rossa, fatto in una caverna del Sudafrica circa 73 mila anni fa, \u00e8 stato\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-018-0514-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">identificato<\/a> da Christoher Enshilwood, Luca Pollarolo, Francesco D&#8217;Errico <em>et al. <\/em>Dall&#8217;editoriale:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>It is hard to claim that the design is beautiful, dazzling or engrossing. But the artwork is destined to be priceless and famous, because it seems to be the earliest evidence for a drawing in the archaeological record, by some margin.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&#8220;Sembra&#8221;. Far\u00e0 discutere immagino, ma ricordo che la scoperta &#8211;\u00a0da parte di\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.pacea.u-bordeaux.fr\/d-ERRICO-Francesco,487.html?lang=fr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Francesco D&#8217;Errico<\/a>\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0di conchiglie dipinte e bucate per formare una collana\u00a0\u00e8 stata confermata da altre.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p>Fa discutere la ricerca &#8220;un po&#8217; grezza&#8221; di John Ioannidis di Stanford, Richard Klavans e Kevin Boyack di SciTech Strategies, sugli autori &#8220;iperprolifici&#8221; che tra il 2000 e il 2016 avevano pubblicato almeno 72 paper\/anno &#8211; escludendo nomi coreani e cinesi che non sono distinguibili.<br \/>\nGuarda caso<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em> Among the 265, 154 authors produced more than the equivalent of one paper every 5 days for 2 or more calendar years; 69 did so for 4 or more calendar years. Papers with 10\u2013100 authors are common in these CVs, especially in medical and life sciences, but papers with the hundreds of authors seen in particle physics are uncommon.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Su 81 ricercatori ai quali Ioannidis <em>et al.<\/em> hanno chiesto se avevano rispettato le regole (dette &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.icmje.org\/recommendations\/browse\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">protocollo di Vancouver<\/a>&#8220;) per essere fra i firmatari degli articoli, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/magazine-assets\/d41586-018-06185-8\/supplementary-Text-and-Figures\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">solo 27 hanno risposto<\/a> e tra questi nessuno le aveva rispettate tutte. Conclusione:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>Overall, hyperprolific authors might include some of the most energetic and excellent scientists. However, such modes of publishing might also reflect idiosyncratic field norms, to say the least. Loose definitions of authorship, and an unfortunate tendency to reduce assessments to counting papers, muddy how credit is assigned.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Dall&#8217;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/news\/2018\/09\/some-scientists-publish-more-70-papers-year-here-s-how-and-why-they-do-it\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">intervista <\/a>\u00a0di Ioannidis su\u00a0<em>Science<\/em>:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>There are two main reasons we have authorship: credit and responsibility. I think both are in danger. In terms of credit, if you have a system that is very vague, idiosyncratic, and nonstandardized, it\u2019s like a country with 500 different types of coins and no exchange rate. And in terms of responsibility, it also raises some issues about reproducibility and quality. With papers that have extremely large numbers of contributors, is there anyone who can really take responsibility for all that work? Do they really know what has happened?<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Com&#8217;\u00e8 bravo lui a mettere il dito sulle piaghe biomed, non c&#8217;\u00e8 nessuno&#8230;\u00a0Rif. anche <a href=\"https:\/\/retractionwatch.com\/2018\/09\/12\/when-it-comes-to-authorship-how-prolific-is-too-prolific\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Retraction Watch<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">***<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dita in altre piaghe<\/strong><br \/>\nOgni giorno su <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/schneiderleonid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Twitter<\/a>, Leonid Schneider segnala casi impuniti, o premiati, di dati truccati e pattume vario. Spesso il pattume esce dallo spennapolli Frontiers, il destinatario privilegiato dei nostri soldi per il piano S proposto dall&#8217;esperto della Comm. europea per l&#8217;open access e da enti che finanziano il biomed, gi\u00e0 travagliato da scandali, frodi e conflitti d&#8217;interesse.<br \/>\nSul <a href=\"https:\/\/forbetterscience.com\/2018\/02\/14\/fried-divine-comedy-featuring-anti-cancer-cockroach-and-phallic-fungus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">blog &#8220;For Better Science&#8221; di Leonid <\/a>&#8211; l&#8217;unico dedicato alla difesa dell&#8217;integrit\u00e0 biomed, mi sembra, if you care, please donate &#8211; la grande\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/kamerlinlab.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lynn Kamerlin<\/a> di Uppsala e altri ricercatori <a href=\"https:\/\/forbetterscience.com\/2018\/09\/11\/response-to-plan-s-from-academic-researchers-unethical-too-risky\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hanno pubblicato<\/a> un appello per fermare il piano, riassumendo le principali critiche.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">*<\/p>\n<p>Sul <em>BMJ<\/em>, Ben Goldacre et al. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/362\/bmj.k3218\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">calcolano<\/a> che al dicembre del 2016 soltanto met\u00e0 degli esperimenti clinici finanziati nella UE &#8211; che quindi devono farlo &#8211; avevano pubblicato i risultati entro 12 mesi dal completamento.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>Of 7274 trials where results were due, 49.5% (95% confidence interval 48.4% to 50.7%) reported results. Trials with a commercial sponsor <strong>were substantially more likely to post<\/strong> results than those with a non-commercial sponsor (68.1%\u00a0v\u00a011.0%, adjusted odds ratio 23.2, 95% confidence interval 19.2 to 28.2); as were trials by a sponsor who conducted a large number of trials (77.9%\u00a0v\u00a018.4%, adjusted odds ratio 18.4, 15.3 to 22.1). <\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Le universit\u00e0 invece&#8230;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>More recent trials were more likely to report results (per year odds ratio 1.05, 95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.07). Extensive evidence was found of errors, omissions, and contradictory entries in EUCTR data that prevented ascertainment of compliance for some trials<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Visto che li paghiamo noi, sospenderei i finanziamenti ai PI delle universit\u00e0 finch\u00e9 non pubblicano i risultati senza errori, omissioni e contraddizioni &#8211; \u00e8 il minimo di rispetto dovuto ai volontari che hanno reclutato &#8220;nel nostro nome&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">***<\/p>\n<p><strong>Uniti contro le donne e i bambini<\/strong>, <em>passim<\/em><br \/>\n&#8211; 12.800 mila ragazzini stranieri <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/09\/12\/us\/migrant-children-detention.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sono detenuti<\/a> negli Stati Uniti, cinque volte di pi\u00f9 che nel maggio 2017, sono quintuplicati anche i guadagni dei gestori privati delle carceri (lo stato federale paga di pi\u00f9 per i ragazzini che non possono essere appaltati per lavori redditizi&#8230;);<br \/>\n&#8211; Larry Nassar, gi\u00e0 condannato per molestie sessuali su decine di giovani atlete ora \u00e8 accusato di <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/education\/archive\/2018\/09\/the-moral-catastrophe-at-michigan-state\/569776\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reati peggiori<\/a>,\u00a0coperti anch&#8217;essi dall&#8217;universit\u00e0 del Michigan che per non rischiare di dover pagare risarcimenti aveva affidato le &#8220;indagini&#8221; ai propri avvocati. D&#8217;altronde la ministra per l&#8217;educazione di Trump, Betsy DeVos, ha stabilito che solo lo stupro e il tentativo di stupro rientrano nella definizione di &#8220;molestie sessuali&#8221; &#8211; grabbing them by the pussy, come si vanta di fare il presidente, \u00e8 una forma di corteggiamento.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dopo l&#8217;Istituto di matematica applicata e la London Mathematical Society, anche\u00a0Nature celebra il centenario del teorema di (Emmy) Noether con un editoriale Albert Einstein had just developed his general theory of relativity, and was struggling to understand how energy fitted into his equations. Hilbert and Klein were working on it, too, and asked Noether for&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/2018\/09\/13\/presunti-stacanovisti\/\">Continua a leggere <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Presunti stacanovisti<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,12,19,20],"tags":[565,687,1976,2275,2405,3753,4599,5019,5406],"class_list":["post-33870","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-antropologia","category-donne-e-scienza","category-matematica","category-medicina","tag-archeologia","tag-authorship","tag-diritti-umani","tag-emmy-noether","tag-esperimenti-clinici","tag-john-ioannidis","tag-molestie-sessuali","tag-open-access","tag-plan-s","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33870","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33870"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33870\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45748,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33870\/revisions\/45748"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33870"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33870"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archivio.ocasapiens.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33870"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}